Tirzepatide

Tirzepatide is a dual agonist at the GLP-1 and GIP receptors, developed by Eli Lilly. It is FDA-approved as Mounjaro for type-2 diabetes and as Zepbound for chronic weight management.

Mechanism

• GLP-1 receptor agonism. Slows gastric emptying, reduces appetite, enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion.
• GIP receptor agonism. Additional insulin-secretion effects and modulation of adipose tissue metabolism.

Common research protocols

Dosing information below reflects published research literature. It is not medical advice and is not a treatment plan.

• FDA-approved dosing. Weekly subcutaneous injection, titrated from 2.5 mg through 15 mg for weight management.
• Titration. Typically increased in 2.5 mg increments every 4 weeks to reduce GI side effects.

Evidence at a glance

• Human data. SURMOUNT-1 trial (Jastreboff et al., 2022, NEJM): mean weight reduction of approximately 20.9% at 15 mg over 72 weeks.
• Known side effects. Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, particularly during titration. Rare but noted: pancreatitis, gallbladder disease.

Reconstitution & handling

Lyophilized peptides ship as freeze-dried powder. Reconstitute with bacteriostatic water; refrigerate the reconstituted vial. Use the reconstitution calculator to get syringe-unit readings for your target dose. General reconstitution and syringe guidance in the How It Works page.

Primary-literature list for this guide available on request via contact.