Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is an essential water-soluble vitamin required for methylation, DNA synthesis, and normal neurologic function. Common forms sold in injectable vials include methylcobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, and cyanocobalamin.

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Mechanism

• Methylation cofactor. Cofactor for methionine synthase, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) pathway.
• Erythropoiesis. Required for normal red blood cell maturation.

Common research protocols

Dosing information below reflects published research literature. It is not medical advice and is not a treatment plan.

• Route. Subcutaneous injection.
• Clinical use. Injectable B12 is commonly used for confirmed deficiency (megaloblastic anemia, pernicious anemia, malabsorption).

Evidence at a glance

• Well-established. Deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia and, if prolonged, irreversible neurologic damage. Repletion is standard of care.
• Supplementation without deficiency. Evidence for benefit in the absence of deficiency is weak.

Supply & handling

Unlike the lyophilized peptides in the catalog, this B12 ships as a pre-mixed 10 mL liquid vial — there is nothing to reconstitute and no bacteriostatic water to add. Confirm the concentration printed on the vial label, keep it refrigerated and protected from light, and use the dose calculator (set up for a pre-mixed vial) to convert a target dose into syringe units.

Primary-literature list for this guide available on request via contact.